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aachamana. Sipping water from the palm of the hand for purification before rites. aagaami. Action (karma) in which one is now engaged that is bound to affect the future; impending; future. aagama. The external or ritual aspect of Vedas. Aagama. That which has come or originated. The primeval source of knowledge. A name for Vedas. aahithaya. Deposited, placed, as offerings in a sacrificial fire. aahuthi. Oblations offered in the sacrificial fire. aahvaana. Invitation, invocation, welcoming. aajya. Clarified butter (ghee). aakaara. Form. aalambana. Support, receptacle. Aamnaya (Aamnaaya). Sacred tradition handed down by repetition. A name for Vedas. aapo-jyothi. Splendour of water. aaraadhaka. Worshiper. aaraadhya. Worshiped. Aarathi. Ritual worship in which lights are waved. aarjava. Honesty. Aarsha. Related to the sages (rishis). A name for Veda. aatta. Flour of rice or wheat. abhan-avarana (aabhaan-aavarana). Veiling with appearance. abhasa (aabhaasa). Appearance, superimposition of false over real. abhasa-avarana (aabhaasa-aavarana). Superimposing the boundaries of individuality on the Universal. abhava-pratheethi. Non-cognition of objects. a-bhaya. Fearless, no fear. a-bheda (a-bhedha). Integral; non-differentiating. a-bhedha-jnana (-jnaana). Integral spiritual knowledge. abhijith. Victory; eighth period of the day (about midday); an auspicious constellation of time. Abhimanyu. Arjuna's son and Parikshith's father; slain in battle. abhisheka. Ablution, bathing. abyasa (abhyaasa). Systematic, steady practice. a-chara (-chaara). Unmoving. achara (aachaara). Precept, behaviour, rules of good conduct. a-chara-dharma (aachaara-dharma). Good behaviour. acharya (aachaarya). Spiritual teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide. acharyopasana (aachaaryopaasana). Reverential service to the preceptor. a-chetana (-chethana). Non-intelligent, unconscious, inert, senseless. a-chinthya. Incapable of being conceived. a-dambhithwam (-dhambhithvam). Absence of vanity; sincerity. adhama. Lowest, worst. a-dharma. Evil, injustice. adheya (aadheya). Being based, contained, sustained. a-dhika-ari. Worst enemy. Adhwara Veda (Adhvara Vedha). A name for Yajur-veda. adi-atma (adhi-aathma). Pertaining to the individual soul, spirit, or manifestation of supreme Brahman. adi-atmic (adhi-aathmika). Pertaining to adi-Atma. adi-bhauthika (adhi-bhauthika). Pertaining to the physical or material world; the fine spiritual aspect of material objects. adi-butha (adhi-bhuutha). Whole perishable creation; the primordial form of matter; everything that has name and form. adi-daiva (adhi-dhaiva). Divinity or fate, the spiritual substratum of the cosmos. adi-daivika (adhi-dhaivika). Pertaining to divinity or fate, e.g. natural disasters. adi-kara-murthi (adhi-kaara-murthi). Manifestation of a person of authority. adi-kari (adhi-kaari). Official, person of authority. adi-kavi (aadhi-kavi). First among poets. adi-murthi (aadhi-muurthi). Primordial force. adisesha (aadhishesha). Also sesha. Serpent, snake. Adisesha (Aadhishesha). Divine serpent with a thousand heads upon which the earth rests; used by demi-gods and demons together to churn the ocean of milk. Also, reposing bed of Vishnu. Aditi (Adhithee). Daughter of Dhaksha and wife of Kasyapa; sister of Diti. Aditya (Aadhithya). Son of Aditi; there were twelve of them, one of them being Surya, the sun, so Surya is sometimes called Aditya. aditya-varna (aadhithya-varna). Complexion like the sun. adi-yajna (adhi-yajna). Pertaining to sacrificial aspects. a-drisya (a-dhrishya). Invisible to the eye. a-dwaitha (-dhvaitha). Nondualism or monism, the Vedantic doctrine that everything is God. a-dwaitha-ananda (a-dhvaitha-aanandha). Bliss of being One and Only. a-dwaitha-bhavana (adhvaitha-bhaavana). Non-dual state. a-dwaitha-avastha (a-dhvaitha-avastha). Abiding in Brahman. a-dwaitha-jyothi (a-dhvaitha-jyothi). The light without a second. a-dwaitha-sthayi (a-dhvaitha-sthaayi). Staying in Brahman. a-dwaithic (a-dhvaithik). Of or pertaining to nondualism (a-dwaitha). a-dwaithin (a-dhvaithin). One who propounds nondualism (a-dwaitha). a-dwaithopasana (a-dhvaithopaasana). Worship of God as present in everything, spiritual effort to experience unity at all times. adya (adhya). Person receiving an offering, the offeree. adyasa (adhyaasa). Superimposition. Adyatma (Adhyaathma). The individual soul, spirit, or manifestation of supreme Brahman. Adyatmic (Adhyaathmik). Spiritual; pertaining to the individual soul, spirit, or manifestation of supreme Brahman. Adyatmica Sabha (Adhyaathmika Sabha). Assembly of God. Agastya (Agasthya). Sage and author of several Vedic hymns; also the star Canopus. aggi. Derived from "agni (fire)". agneyastra (agneya-asthra). Rama's fire weapon. agni. Fire element. Agni. God of Fire; name for Fire when it is out of sight range. agni-astra (-asthra). Fire missile. Agni-Brahmana (-Braahmana). Word for the Section on horse sacrifice. Agni-deva (-dheva). God of fire. agni-hotra (-hothra). Ritual of offering oblations in the holy fireplace. Three kinds are: daily obligation, occasional obligation, and optional fire. Agni-varna. Son of Sudarsana and father of Sigraga. agra. Primal, primordial. Agri. First; a name for Agni when within the range of sight. Ahalya (Ahalyaa). Princess of the Puru dynasty, who was turned into a stone by the curse of her husband, Gautama, for suspected adultery. She regained her form when Rama touched the stone with his divine feet. aham. The knower, the ' I '. Aham Brahmasmi (Brahmaasmi). I am Brahman, or I am divine. aham-kara (-kaara). Ego, self-love, selfish individuality. ahavaniya (aahavaneeya). Consecrated fire taken from the perpetual fire and prepared for receiving oblations, esp. the eastern one of the three fires burning at a sacrifice. ahimsa. Nonviolence. Ahi-Ravana (Ahi-Raavana). A son of Ravana. Ahuka (Aahuka). King of the Yadu dynasty, father of Ugrasena, who in turn was the father of Kamsa. aikshika-astra (asthra). Siva weapon, the unfailing weapon of the third eye opening of Siva. aikya. Oneness with God, union of the individual soul (jiva) with God. aiswarya (aishvarya). Power and prosperity. Aithareya Brahmana (Braahmana). A Brahmana texts of the Veda. Aithareya Upanishad. (Upanishath). One of the ten important Upanishads. It deals with the world and the human as the creation of Atma, the three-fold birth of Atma, and the nature of the Atma. a-ja. Birthless. Aja. King of the Solar Dynasty; son of Rahu and father of Dasaratha. a-jah. Unborn. Ajamukhi (Aja-mukhee). A demoness. a-jara. Decline, diminution. a-jnana (a-jnaana). Ignorance, stupidity. a-jnana-avrithi (a-jnaana-aavritthi). Obscuring or deluding power. a-jnana-sakthi (a-jnaana-shakthi). Power of ignorance. a-jnani (a-jnaani). Ignorant person. Akampa. Also Akampana. One of Ravana's mighty demon warriors. a-karma. Non-action; detached action whose consequences do not leave a binding impression. a-kartha. Undesigned, no human agent. akasa (aakaasha). Sky, space, ether. akasavani (aakashavani). Voice from the sky. a-keerthi-karam. Quality that causes disgrace or decline of reputation. akhanda (akhandha). Eternal; continuous. akhandaika-rasa. Unbroken uniflow of sweetness. Akhanda-jyothi. The eternal, unbroken light. a-krodha. Non-anger. a-kshara. Imperishable, indestructible. akshara. Syllable, letter. akshauhini (akshauhinee). A fighting unit consisting of 109350 foot-soldiers, 65610 horses and horsemen, 21870 elephants and elephant warriors, and 21870 chariots and their human equipment. a-kshaya. Undecaying, never-ending. Akshayakumara. Ravana's son. a-kshaya-pathra (-paathra). Never ending plate; vessel given by Lord Sun to the Pandavas. Alamba Devi (Alambuushaa Dhevi). Celestial goddess, mother of Visala by Ikshvaku. Alarka. King in the state of Kasi (Benares), who gave his eyes upon the request of a brahmin. alatha-santhi (alaatha-shaanthi). Extinction of the firebrand circle; refers to analogy of the gleam of the world with circle made by the fast swinging of a fiery stick alaya (aalaya). House, dwelling. Allah. God, in the Islam religion. alochana. Planning, considering. alpa-buddhi. Dull-witted. a-maanithwa (-maanithva). Humility, lack of pride, vanity. a-mala. Absence of impurity. a-manaska. Blissful state of realization when seer realizes that entire creation is created by Self; mindless; free from all mental activity. a-manobhava. Mindless state. a-mara. Without death. Amaravathi (Amaraavathee). Residence of Indra. Also, a city through which Rama passed on the way to exile in the forest. Ambarisha (Ambareesha). Pious king of the Ikshvaku dynasty. Son of Prasusruka and father of Nahusha. a-mritha. Divine nectar (literally, no death or immortal). a-mritha-dharma. Immortal dharma. a-mritha-putra (-puthra). Son of eternal divinity. a-mritha-sanyasa (-sanyaasa). Bliss-filled renunciation. a-mritha-swarupa (-svaruupa). Immortal nature. a-mrithathwam (-mrithathvam). Immortality. amritha-vidya (-vidhyaa). Education for immortality. a-mrithopadesa (a-mrithopadhesha). Immortality-bestowing or nectarine teaching. Amsumanta (Amshumantha). King of the solar dynasty; virtuous son of Aswamanja and grandson of Sagara. a-mulam (a-muulam). Without support, baseless, rootless. an-aadi (-aadhi). Without beginning. an-aahatha-dhwani (-dhvani). Unstruck, primeval sound; Om; mystic sound heard by yogis. an-aarya-jushtam (-jushtham). Ignoble nature or behaviour. an-aasakthi. Non-attachment, absence of yearning. an-achara (-aachaara). Improper behaviour or conduct. an-aham-kara (-aham-kaara). Absence of egotism. ananda (aanandha). Supreme bliss, unending joy. ananda-loka (aanandha-loka). Region of heavenly bliss; also Brahma region. ananda-maya (aanandha-maya). Spiritual bliss. ananda-maya kosa (aanandha-maya kosha). The sheath of bliss, the innermost sheath of the body. ananda-nilaya (aanandha-nilaya). Abode of supreme bliss. ananda-praapti (aanandha-praapthi). Attainment of spiritual bliss. ananda-swarupa (aanandha-svaruupa). The embodiment of supreme bliss. an-anga. Limbless. an-antha. Endless, eternal, unending; infinity. an-anya-bhaava. Thinking only of Divinity and nothing else. an-anya-bhaktha. Devotee with one-pointed devotion. an-anya-bhakthi. One-pointed devotion, admitting no distraction. an-anya-chintha (-chinthaa). Undivided contemplation (of the Lord). Anaranya. Son of Bana and father of Trisanku. an-asana (-ashana). Fasting to death. Anasuya (Anasuuyaa). Wife of sage Athri and mother of Dattatreya; an incarnation of the Trinity. an-atma (an-Aathma). Not Atma, or not-Self. anda-anda. Basic living cell of creation. andaja. Egg-born. Andhaka. A king in the Yadu dynasty. an-eka-bhakthi. Devotion to various things or states. anga. Limb, part, fact, feature, "earth bit". Anga. A kingdom in Eastern Bihar, adjoining Bengal. Angada (Angadha). Vali's son, crown-prince. anga-vathi. Manifestation based. Angiras. A sage-hermit born from the mind of Brahma. Indra gave him the name Atharvangiras when Angiras paid him homage by reciting the hymns of Atharva-veda. Angiro Veda (Vedha). A name for Atharva-veda. See Angiras. Angulimala (Anguleemaala). Thief reformed by devotion to the Buddha. angushtra-matra (angushtha-maathra). Thumb-sized. a-nir-desya (dheshya). Incapable of description. Aniruddha. Son of Pradyumna and grandson of Krishna. a-nir-vachaneeya. Beyond description. a-nithya. Impermanent, transient. anna. Food. anna-maya kosa (kosha). Sheath of the body composed of food; the physical sheath. anna-purna (-puurna). Bestower of food; goddess; a form of Durga (goddess of destruction of evil obstacles). anor-aneeyaan. Subtler than the subtle. anritha. Not true, false. anritha-putra (-puthra). Son of falsehood; child of futility. antara-prapancha (anthara-prapancha). Inner world. antar-atma (anthar-aathma). The Atma within; the inner Self. antar-jagath (anthar-jagath). Inner universe. antar-mukha (anthar-mukha). Inward focus. antar-vimarsha (anthar-vimarsha). Inner quest. antar-yamin (anthar-yaamin). Inner ruler or Being that guides all creatures. anthah-chathushtaya. The four internal senses of mind, intellect, memory, and ego. anthah-karana. Inner psycho-somatic fourfold instruments of mind, intellect, memory, and ego. anubhava-jnana (-jnaana). Self-experience; knowledge from personal experience. anumaana. Inferential perception. anuraaga. Affection. anurakthi. Deep attachment to or affection for God. anusaasitha (anushaasitha). Independent master, one who directs. Anusasanaparva (Anushaasanaparva). Famous section of moral principles in the Mahabharatha. anushtana (anushthaana). Undertaking, performance, action; spiritual or good disciplined conduct. Anusrava (Anushrava). That which was heard serially. A name for the Vedas. anveekshakee. Logical philosophy; metaphysics. anveshana. Seeking, enquiry. anya-vathi. Symbolized divinity. a-nyaya (-nyaaya). Injustice. apana (apaana). The downward air, which goes out through the anus. a-para (a-paraa). Immanent, materialised, lower, ordinary. a-para-prakriti (-paraa-prakrithi). Lower nature, world. a-para-vidya (-paraa-vidhyaa). Secular science, western knowledge. a-parichchinna. Indivisible; without parts; without limit or break. a-parigraha. Non-acceptance of gifts, renunciation. a-parinami (-parinaami). Modificationless. a-paroksha. Inner knowledge; direct spiritual knowledge. a-paroksha-brahma-jnana (-jnaana). Direct perception, knowledge of Brahman. a-paroksha-jnana (-jnana). Direct spiritual knowledge. a-pourusheya. Non-personal, superhuman. a-prameya. Beyond all possibilities of being described by categories, immeasurable. apsaras. Wives of the Gandharvas, celestial nymphs. a-purna (-puurna). Not full. arabhimatha. Dearest and most pleasurable. arani. Stick of hardwood used in ritual. Aranyakas (Aaranyakas). Religious or philosophical texts closely connected with the brahmins, either composed in the forest or studied there. They deal with inner significances and internal disciplines. Aranyaparva (Aaranyaparva). First section of the third book of the Mahadhundhumara; contains predictions of the Kali-yuga. archaka. Worshiper. archana. Worship, adoration. archi. Fire. archi-radi-marga (-raadhi-maarga). Path of Gods, beginning with fire or the Sun's rays, taken by spiritual souls after death. ardhanga (ardhaanga). Half of the body. arishadvarga (arishadhvarga). Six inner enemies of man, viz. lust, anger, greed, delusion, pride, and hate. Arishta. Demon in form of an ox sent by Kamsa to kill Krishna, but Krishna destroyed him. Arishtanemi. Son of Vinatha and sage Kasyapa. arjuna. Pure, unsullied, unblemished, white. Arjuna. Krishna's disciple, in the Bhagavad Gita; third of five Pandava brothers. See Mahabharatha. Arjuna mountain. White mountain. artha (aartha). The distressed, suffering. artha. Wealth, prosperity, material object, thing, aim, purpose, desire. artha-arthi (-aarthi). One who longs for wealth; the poor. Arundathi (Arundhathee). Wife of sage Vasishta; regarded as the highest model of wifely devotion and chastity. a-rupa-laya (-ruupa-laya). Dissolution of the formless. a-rupa-naasa (-ruupa-naasha). Destruction of the formless or mental agitations. Aryan (Aaryan). (a) Literally noble. (b) Follower of Vedic or spiritual path. (c) Ancient dwellers of India who composed the Rig-veda; the chief tribe was that of the Bharathas. a-sahaja. Assumed, unnatural. a-sakthi. Absence of desire or yearning; detachment. a-samsakthi. Indifferent, non-attachment. a-samsari (-samsaari). Not bound by worldly illusion. asana (aasana). Yoga posture or sitting posture. a-sanga. Non-attachment. a-santhi (-shaanthi). Lack of peace; agitated mind; restlessness. A-sarira (-shareera). Bodyless; name for the Godhead. a-sat (-sath). False, unreal, non-existent, bad. a-sat-avarana (-sath-aavarana). Veiling with untruth. a-sathya. Falsehood. A-sathya-narayana (-sathya-naaraayana). Lord of untruth. ashram (aashrama). Hermitage or monastery; residence for saints and spiritual aspirants. ashram-vasis (aashrama-vaasis). Residents of ashrams, hermitages, or monasteries. ashta-akshari. Eight syllables. ashtanga (ashtaanga). Eight parts. ashtanga-yoga (ashtaanga-yoga). Eight-fold discipline of yoga to destroy ignorance and reach state of communion with Self, as taught by Sage Patanjali. ashvatta. Banyan tree, impermanent. Asitha. Son of King Bharatha; father of Sagara. asoka (ashoka) tree. Tree of moderate size belonging to the leguminous class, with magnificent red flowers. Asokavana (Ashokavana). Grove of Asoka trees. asrama (aashrama). A stage of life: one of student, householder, hermit, and renunciate. asraya (aashraya). That on which a thing depends; support, refuge. asritha (aashritha). Dependent; taking refuge. a-stheya. Non-stealing. asthi. Being, existence; is-ness; synonym for sat. asthika (aasthika). Believer; theist; God-revering person. asthikya-buddhi (aasthikya-buddhi). Piety, belief in God. Asthinapura. City of bones. a-sthira. Unsteady, unstable. astra (asthra). Missile, weapon, sword, bow. a-subha (a-shubha). Inauspicious, maleficent. a-sura. Demon; term arose when Diti's sons refused to drink the liquor (sura) offered by Varuni, daughter of Varuna. a-suri-sampathi (aasuri-sampatthi). Demonic existence, tendencies. Asurtharajasa (Asuurtha-rajasa). One of the four sons of King Kusa; also, a son of Rama. Aswa-Brahmana (Ashva-Braahmana). Brahmana relating to horse sacrifice. Aswalayana (Aashvalaayana). Vedic school founded by Sounaka. Aswamanja (Ashvamanja). King of solar dynasty; wicked son of Sagara and Kesini; driven away by his father because of his cruelty. aswamedha yaga (Ashvamedha yaga). Horse sacrifice to absolve a king of all sins. A horse is marked with a victory card and allowed to roam about freely. If anyone stops the horse, the king should go and defeat him in battle and bring back the horse. Aswapathi (Ashvapathi). Lord of horses, brother-in-law of Dasaratha, Rama's father. a-swargyam (-svargyam). Quality that destroys the divine in man. Aswathama (Ashvatthaama). Son of Drona. Aswija (Aashvayuja). A Vedic month, generally falling between September and October. Aswini (Ashvini). Twin deities who appear in the sky before dawn in a golden chariot drawn by horses; physicians of the heavens. athah. For this reason. athala. Bottomless region; first of the lower worlds beneath the Earth. a-thanu. Without a body. Atharvan. Son of Vasishta and author of Atharva-veda. Atharvana-veda (-vedha). The fourth Veda. After Atharvan, the collator, seer. Atharvangiro Veda (Vedha). A name for Atharva-veda. See Angiras. Atharva-samhitha. Atharva-veda. Samhitha means "collection". Atharva-veda. The fourth Veda. Atharva means "fourth". A steady, unmoved person, of stable nature. athibala. Super strength. Athri. A sage; father of Dattatreya. Also, one of 10 mental sons of Hiranyagarbha. Atikaya (Athikaaya). One of Ravana's sons, a minister and general. Atma (Aathma). The real Self, one's divinity, God, the substance of everything, the unseen basis, the spark of God within. The Atma is unchanging and immortal; It does not die. Atma-abhyasa (Aathma-abhyaasa). Practice of remembrance of the Atma. Atma-ananda (Aathma-aanandha). Atmic bliss, bliss of Self-realization. Atma-anubhava (Aathma-anubhaava). Atmic experience. Atma-bhava (Aathma-bhaava). The thought of divine Self itself. Atma-chaithanya (Aathma-chaithanya). Consciousness. Atma-chinthana (Aathma-chinthana). Contemplation on the Atma. Atma-dharma (Aathma-dharma). Atmic duty, divine duty. Atma-droha (Aathma-dhroha). Self-tormenting, treason to the higher Self. Atma-jnana (Aathma-jnaana). Knowledge of Self-realization; awareness of Atma. Atma-jnani (Aathma-jnaani). Self-knower. Atma-jyothi (Aathma-jyothi). Atmic effulgence. Atma-hathya (Aathma-hathya). Self-destruction. Atma-linga (Aathma-linga). Oval stone symbolizing the divine Atma. Atma-rama (Aathma-raama). Eternal bliss; Rama in the heart. Atma-rupa (Aathma-ruupa). Embodiment of Atma. Atma-sakshathkara (Aathma-saakshathkaara). Direct vision of Atma; Self realisation. Atma-samyama (Aathma-samyama). Perfect restraint of all senses; balance and repose. Atma-santhi (Aathma-shaanthi). Individual peace. Atma-sanyasa (Aathma-sanyaasa). Atmic renunciation. Atma-shatka (Aathma-shatka). The Atmic Six, referring to the six sections of the Aithareya Upanishad. Atma-sthithi (Aathma-sthithi). The characteristic of the Atma; stage of permanent awareness of one's divinity. Atma-suddhi (Aathma-shuddhi). Self-purification. Atma-swarupa (Aathma-svaruupa). Embodiment of the all-pervading divine Self. Atma-thathwa (Aathma-thatthva). True nature of the Atma, the Atmic Principle. Atma-vichara (Aathma-vichaara). Inquiry into the nature of Atma. Atma-vidya (Aathma-vidhyaa). Knowledge of supreme reality or Atma. Atma-yajna (Aathma-yajna). Self-sacrifice. Atmic (Aathmik). Of or pertaining to the Atma. Atreya (Aathreya). Relating to the great sage Athri, or Atreya. Classical Indian medical knowledge is called ayur-veda (science of health and long life), the two chief traditions being those of Atreya and Dhanvantari. Later presented by Charaka in the Charaka Samhitha (text stressing diagnosis and prognosis). attha. Offering, boiled rice. Aum. Om; Designation of the Universal Brahman; sacred, primordial sound of the universe. Avaang-manogochara. Ungraspable by word or thought, Godhead. avadhana (avadhaana). Concentration. avadhutha (avadhuutha). One who is immersed in spiritual bliss, ever joyous, oblivious of the world; a renunciate. Avanthi. One of the seven sacred cities of Bharath (India) on the banks of the Sipra river. avarana-sakthi (aavarana-shakthi). Veiling power. avastha. State, condition. a-vastu. The unreal. Avatar (Avathaar). An incarnation of God, taking a form according to the age in which the incarnation occurs. Special manifestation of God on Earth. Avatar-murthi (Avathaar-murthi). Form of the Avatar. avayava. Limb, part, member. a-vibhaktha. Undivided, non-separate. a-vidya (-vidhyaa). Ignorance. a-vidya-maya (-vidhyaa-maayaa). Ignorance-based illusion. a-vinaasi (-vinaashi). Without decline and extinction. avina-bhava (avinaabhaava) sambandha. Inseparable relationship; essential characteristic. a-vyaktha. Unmanifest, imperceptible. a-vyapadesa (-vyapadesha). Beyond denotation. a-vyavaahaarya. Without worldly action. a-vyaya. Indestructible, unchanging. Ayodhya. City where Rama was born and ruled. ayur-veda (-vedha). Classical Indian medical knowledge; science of health and long life.
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